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LMOWA 2020 pdf finalVILLAGE OF BUFFALO GROVE Department of Public Works Fifty One Raupp Blvd. Buffalo Grove, IL 60089-2198 Fax 847-537-5845 January 02, 2021 Mr. James F. Kessen, PE IDNR/ OWR, Lake Michigan Management Section, DNR/ Of f ice of Water Resources Michael A. Bilandic Building 160 N. LaSalle Street Suite S-703 Chicago, IL 60601 Dear Nlr. Kessen: VILLAGE OF N6U! 10 6rouc In response to your e-mail dated September 30 2020, we have completed and attached "Annual Water use Audit Form (2020 LMO-2)" Also attached is the AWWA Water Audit Reporting Worksheet and Performance Indicators sheet. For the Village of Buffalo Grove the 2019 / 2020 water year. If you have any questions concerning this transmittal, please contact me at 847-459-2545. Very truly yours, Village of Buffalo Grove avid Haisma, Superintendent of Water Operations cc: Mike Skibbe, Director of Public Works G:\COMMON\WATER\REPORIS\ANNUAL\LMOWA202o.docx An Internationally Accredited Public Works Agency Since 2004 ILLIN013 I Illinois Department of Natural � ` atural Resources J[3 Pritzker, Guvemt?r i One Natural Resources Wb ay Springfield, field, Illinois 62702-1271 Collccn Callahan, Director IA- Vf,F;TMLFJi qFl (�ATl1RAL) w'wNv.dnrJIIinois.Sov iiESCJ41RCEa� Office of Water Resources, Michael A. Bilandic Building, 160 N. LaSalle St., S-703, Chicago, IL 60601 2020 Annual Water Use Audit Form (LMO-2) This form must be completed by all Category IA and IB Permittees for the annual water use accounting year running from October 1, 2019 through September 30, 2020. This form must be completed and submitted to the Department by January 8, 2021. Section I - General Information Permittee Contact Information: Permittee: Village of Buffalo Grove Address: 51 Raupp Blvd Buffalo Grove 1160089 County: Cook/Lake Phone: 1/847/459/2545 Email: Contact Person Information: Name: David Haisma Address: 51 Raupp Buffalo Grove 11. 60089 Phone: 847-459-2545 Email: Dhaisma@vbg.org Authorized Official David Haisma Title: Superintendent of Utilities Date: 1/22/2021 Service Population: 45,128 "Service Population" is the total population the permittee serves with water related to their allocation, both inside and outside their corporate limits. This does not include population associated with water exported/sold to other systems. The Illinois Department of Natural Resources is requesting disclosure of information that is necessary to accomplish the statutory purpose as outlined under Chapter 19, Section 120.2 of the Illinois Revised Statutes. Disclosure of this information is required. Failure to provide any information will result in this form not being processed. This form has been approved by the Forms Management Center, CMS. Section 11 - Water Supplied: In order to complete this form you will have to first complete the AWWA Free Water Audit Software. Lines 4, 8, 24 and 26 - 38 (highlighted below) must be taken directly from the AWWA Free Water Audit Software's "Reporting Worksheet" and "Performance Indicator" worksheets. A completed version of the AWWA Free Water Audit Software must be submitted along with the completed LMO-2 form (submit both as Microsoft Excel files). All amounts should be rounded to three decimal places. Volume from own sources: 1. Shallow Well mg/y 0.000 mgd ........................................................................................... ......................... 2. Deep Well mg/y 0.000 mgd ........................................................................................................................... 3. Lake Michigan (Direct Diverters only) mg/y 0.000 mgd 4. Total Volume From Own Sources 0.000 mg/y 0.000 mgd Water imported from other sources: Supplier: 5 North West Water Commission 1,328.595 mg/y Amount: 3.630 mgd 6 mg/y................... 0.000 mgd 7 ..................... m9../Y 0.000 mgd 9 8. Total Water Imported Water exported to other systems: System: 9 10 1,328.595 mg/y mg/y ........................... mg/y 3.630 mgd Amount: 0.000 mgd 0.000 mgd 11 mg/y................... 0.000 mgd 12 ............................... . 0.000 mgd 13 14 mg/y................... mg/y................... 0.000 mgd 0.000 mgd 15 ............................... 0.000 mgd 16 ............................... 0.000 mgd 17 mg/y................... 0.000 mgd 18 mg/y................... 0.000 mgd 19 mg/y................... 0.000 mgd 20 m................... g/y 0.000 mgd 21 mg/y................... 0.000 mgd 22 mg/y................... 0.000 mgd 23 .mg/y................... 0.000 mgd 24. Total Water Exported 0.000 mg/y 25. WATER SUPPLIED (Line 4 + Line 8 - Line 24) ............................. 26. WATER SUPPLIED (adjusted for master meter error) 1,328.595 mg/y Section III; Authorized Consumption: 0.000 mgd 3.630 mgd 3.630 mgd 27. Billed Metered 1,202.120 mg/y 3.284 mgd 28. Billed Unmetered 0.292 mg/y................... 0.001 mgd 29. Unbilled Metered 2.385.mg/y................... 0.007 mgd 30. Unbilled Unmetered 16.607 mg/y................... 0.045 mgd ............... (If not using the AWWA default of 1.25% of Water Supplied, provide an explanation) 31. AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION 1,221.404 3.337 mgd Section IV: Water Losses: 32. Apparent Losses 33. Real Losses 34. Water Losses 9.951 mg/y 0.027 mgd ........................................................................................... 97.239.mg/y................... 0.266 mgd ........................................................................................... 107.191 .9/y................... 0.293 mgd Section V: Non Revenue Water: 35. NON REVENUE WATER 126.183 mg/y Section VI: Performance Indicators: 36. Annual cost of Apparent Losses ............................................................................ 37. Annual cost of Real Losses ............................................................................ 38. Non -revenue water as percent by volume of Water Supplied Section VII - Conversion Table Below are conversion calculations to convert the most commonly used units to units of million gallons per day (mgd). To convert cubic feet per year (cf) to (mgd) use: (cf x 7.48)/1,000,000/365 = mgd To convert gallons per year (g) to (mgd) use: g/1,000,000/365 To convert gallons per day (g/d) to (mgd) use: (g/d)/1,000,000 To convert million gallons per year (mg) to (mgd) use: mg/365 = mgd 0.345 mgd 149,865 $/year 147,831 $/year 9.5 % o n° E o ro N N 2 3 m ,.--> c 'N d c a N _ L n N O j E U Q a) fA � N N U j N o - > � O � J � - d cis c � p 7 O aN N U N N 2 U N O. M N N N 3 L N 'a 3 j CD o a (D V C 0 c vv) E o o fD O O N N C N N N a) O U � OU C O m CO U 3 N C) x E o:. U E U N O N � O N ca tt 3 a) m N 3 o c O no rna) t N 0 0 'o :o US 7 O c 0) c 3 a) a 0).0 N CD 'O 00 O a) N u) � _o a)� 0 N m 0 a) p > O O n � 3 � > co d .0 _ N N a) 0 a m o a) >, O_ U N c a) Mn U N co N 4 a t a) ) Y o D c O a) E a) �s c E 0 C_ aa) aa) a) 9 ca W N a C rz m CD is c0i c Q = N U a) O U U U a) a) a) > > IL - a) c(5 N is a al Q 6 m U d L d rn 00 d 0 -o a) c6 c U > as m co c0 L rovc aa) a a) EE 0 0 U EE U c c a) } 0 >O ca C O (} c d CJ o u- C w C w cn rn tr: a) N E> N ��ll V Nm > > O O) p C O _ _ O 0 _ J N N CO N N 0) o oD U > Q V � o N C 0 o N O\ oco N CO _ V cq Sao > m = U o c '�N� y E: m ui ai ai Y N N a) o— uJ = o C>> O N > O C D L Q c Q O U C '0 c c o 0 m- Can 0 U 0 g d cn w m c c O D W 3 a) za CL n U) Cj a) ~ 0 E O d ¢ 3: N W O } E a) Z_ 0 0 ca Q > 0 O ? C al m m w m u E o m a N O n 0 t > O v w E s m cc 0 m 0 n`a Z a w o � -0 u O E V� m O E s 5 a O o uE m c U m u a,nwE c x w u w v 3 0o W Q N O2 L U n G 4 a Y c E a Q O E x 2 m a O c c w O 0 m6 � m K O °p c w - C � .n o •to-� o o m V O m L U C ibo M o Ou (n n N N 0 U 2 y c 0 (D 3 0 U) a 7 Q N is N W Q Q A Click to access definiton Water Audit Report for: I Village of Buffalo Grove IL0314180 Click to add a comment Reporting Year: 2020 10/2019 - 912020 Please enter data in the white cells below. Where available, metered values should be used; if metered values are unavailable please estimate a value. Indicate your confidence in the accuracy of the input data by grading each component (n/a or 1-10) using the drop -down list to the left of the input cell. Hover the mouse over the cell to obtain a description of the grades All volumes to be entered as: MILLION GALLONS (US) PER YEAR To select the correct data grading for each input, determine the highest grade where the utility meets or exceeds all criteria for that grade and all grades below it. Master Meter and Supply Error Adjustments WATER SUPPLIED <----------- Enter grading in column'E' and'J-----------> Pcnt: Value: Volume from own sources: Water imported: Water exported: WATER SUPPLIED: AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION 00H min 0 0.000 1,328.595 0.000 MG/Yr MG/Yr MG/Yr 1,328.595 MG/Yr Billed metered: ©0 1,202.120 MG/Yr Billed unmetered: 0 0 a 0.292 MG/Yr Unbilled metered: 10 2.385 MG/Yr Unbilled unmetered: 0 0 16.607 MG/Yr Default option selected for Unbilled unmetered - a grading of 5 is applied but not displayed AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION: 0 1,221.404 MG/Yr WATER LOSSES (Water Supplied - Authorized Consumption) 1 107.191 MG/Yr Apparent Losses Unauthorized consumption: ©© 3.321 MG/Yr Default option selected for unauthorized consumption - a grading of 5 Is applied but not displayed Customer metering inaccuracies: ©0�e 3.621 MG/Yr Systematic data handling errors: 0 3.005 MG/Yr Default option selected for Systematic data handling errors - a grading of 5 Is applied but not displayed Apparent Losses: 0 1 9.951 MG/Yr Real Losses (Current Annual Real Losses or CARL) Real Losses = Water Losses - Apparent Losses: 0 NON -REVENUE WATER SYSTEM DATA WATER LOSSES: 97.239 MG/Yr 107.1911 MG/Yr NON -REVENUE WATER: 0 1 126.183 MG/Yr Metered + Unbilled Unmetered Length of mains: 0 0 � 183.0 miles Number of active AND inactive service connections: 00 7 11,998 Service connection density: 0 66 conn./mile main MG/Yr MG/Yr MG/Yr Enter negative % or value for under -registration Enter positive % or value for over -registration Click here: 0 for help using option buttons below Pcnt: Value: 1.25% _(§)_ M', I MG/Yr ....... Use buttons to select percentage of water supplied OR value Pcnt: v Value: 0.25 % • MG/Yr 0.30 % • Q MG/Yr 0.25% • MG/Yr Are customer meters typically located at the curbstop or property line? No (length of service line, beyond the property boundary, Average length of customer service line: © 00I 60.0 It that is the responsibility of the utility) COST DATA Average operating pressure: M MF_ioJ 1 57.0 psi Total annual cost of operating water system: 0 Customer retail unit cost (applied to Apparent Losses): © 0 Variable production cost (applied to Real Losses): © 0 10 $7,620,191 a $15.06 10 $1,510.001 WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY SCORE: '*' YOUR SCORE IS: 73 out of 100'*' $/Year $/1000 gallons US $/Million gallons [_)Use Customer Retail Unit Cost to value real losses A weighted scale for the components of consumption and water loss is included in the calculation of the Water Audit Data Validity Score PRIORITY AREAS FOR ATTENTION: Based on the information provided, audit accuracy can be improved by addressing the following components: 1: Water imported 2: Billed unmetered 3: Billed metered AWWA Free Water Audit Software v5.0 Reporting Worksheet 2 C { 3 § LO)2 ) t Qa 2 , g § ƒ g o » k 0/ a a > » & » m 0 2 7 7 7 u / > ® / _ \ k m \ c c 3\ § \ \ \cu $ . > E k 0 / 0 / w & & R / e \ G 7 A a R 8± f 2 q a)ƒ S k c 7 c 9 9 c# && 2 o R _ 6 R w v e o # C4 c % 0') CD/ i � ' / / 2 k / p \ 0 0 u 8 / k(n En k ƒ U)\ 7 2 § n \ o � 3 =ƒ % S 2 v ) a® m / ƒ D 0) $ 7 ƒ / 0 : » § G § � q & \ R / u § G % o q « a C o « k c %CL a o > k® k ? o G\ / a Q « J/ S » y A p ƒ ) ® G 7 § 7 ° ° ° ® / > / / / / » % m 3 k k k § < o m 2 / / k � � k u _E ) \ § > I / ¥ \ k / \ § ± y < o = / o o \ 0 § / ƒ % / ƒ » f % 7 ° k G e \ g / / ƒ k� 2 o § 3 0 f± < k u/ / f E i § \ \ ± a u ƒ \ / / c ) < - E � / m cn ± g 5 q } CL LL \ / � % m b e £ k a E k m \§ / ) CL 0)2. \ k 2 G 2 Cl) a a3 C N N N y ,tn co a) O C L a U) E M-0o C H m o as ui co U)ro "O a) E N E _0 O > 70 Y �_ E d L c o m O) 7 c j a) C .tL.. cc 2 U a E Y C C O Q ca a) — N C "O ' E !n c co a3 C O N L L H e O C a) o L C. 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E- u flc i w c m �' mm o 3 Si c °°� S E p m m U m m o `m E= g m n m ° 2 g o E m E s` u m Y n a c E E o m E 2 - _ 2 c c 9 e E o g a E 9 y c 3 3 a 3 n o E o `@ ` am o 0 3 c o n `o E w` a°@ a m E a m° ZOL o n 4 m o ° V E E a n E m 8° E mo m m o Yu no m a °- m S m �' 2 3 o o ko 3., Z s E 0 mo0 o U =5`a am mm 3 o m 3 F `o Q U mco 3 Y c cJ 3a@ g= m`o m e o `m o? n n u m E. ___ W Y m .# u u m o ___ c __ c _________. u _______ c$ E m m m c.2� o E m c m w s @�.n �0E2EER } $;ma's` -s o �� o o bL o'd 9,GA' a a O1E m, s so oa'm�, m o a d$ E 3 $ m R i _ N c§ @ n E E E L o; c E E 90 a@ o n m` E E. n a m E a c E; c z% o n m= _ yo m m `m co a' 33 8 8 c 2 m n c i. 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D 9 m o q`_° n 3 0 m �c m c$ 3 m y u o^ 0° E y n 9 0€ n °gome 0 Amy E',n a Em a$a1=a. m S o9 mn m aE2 E E J ono m s m E o m 3 n c o m o' n m E a@ E m 'E m E .- E a m `d �0 9 m u. IT t@ 2 Om E? c W Q '^ E V10, a s m E Es�� 30p�a53o $gym°5cm o m �`m v g vm U E'cm` Za 03 mom MEc L,�m n m o n g-Zo ? o 0¢ no '3 E�Om E2 c Y c o m m y �- Eaci Average Length of Customer Service Line The three figures shown on this worksheet display the assignment of the Average Length of Customer Service Line, Lp, for the three most common piping configurations. Figure 1 shows the configuration of the water meter outside of the customer building next to the curb stop valve. In this configuration Lp = 0 since the distance between the curb stop and the customer metering point is essentially zero. Figure 2 shows the configuration of the customer water meter located inside the customer building, where Lp is the distance from the curb stop to the water meter. Figure 3 shows the configuration of an unmetered customer building , where Lp is the distance from the curb stop to the first point of customer water consumption, or, more simply, the building line. In any water system the Lp will vary notably in a community of different structures, therefore the average Lp value is used and this should be approximated or calculated if a sample of service line measurements has been gathered. Click for more information I ConnectionLp = 0 since meter at curb stop i r Watt Figure 1 Typical house connection: Meter at curb stop g Not to scale r r Lp i (underground pipe from curb stop to meter) Connection; r ' Curb ! Connection to ' `tOP a Property c Water Main i r[� C. 1-01.ry Wale, meter �etlroom� � � Collar Figure 2 Typical house connection: Meter inside property Not to scale r Lp r (underground pipe 1. from curb to point of first use) Connection: , r � r Figure 3 Typical house connection: Unmetered Not to scale AWWA Free Water Audit Software v5.0 Service Connection Diagram 16 nern name I Description = unauthorized consumption + customer metering inaccuracies + systematic data handling errors Apparent Apparent Losses include all types of inaccuracies associated with customer metering (worn meters as well as improperly sized meters or wrong type of meter for Losses the water usage profile) as well as systematic data handling errors (meter reading, billing, archiving and reporting), plus unauthorized consumption (theft or illegal use). NOTE: Over -estimation of Apparent Losses results in under -estimation of Real Losses. Under -estimation of Apparent Losses results in over -estimation of Real Losses. = billed water exported + billed metered + billed unmetered + unbilled metered + unbilled unmetered consumption The volume of metered and/or unmetered water taken by registered customers, the water utility's own uses, and uses of others who are implicitly or explicitly authorized to do so by the water utility; for residential, commercial, industrial and public -minded purposes. Typical retail customers' consumption is tabulated usually from established customer accounts as billed metered consumption, or - for unmetered customers - AUTHORIZED billed unmetered consumption. These types of consumption, along with billed water exported, provide revenue potential for the water utility. Be certain to CONSUMPTION tabulate the water exported volume as a separate component and do not "double -count" it by Including in the billed metered consumption component as well as the water exported component. Unbilled authorized consumption occurs typically in non -account uses, including water for fire fighting and training, flushing of water mains and sewers, street cleaning, watering of municipal gardens, public fountains, or similar public -minded uses. Occasionally these uses may be metered and billed (or charged a flat fee), but usually they are unmetered and unbilled. In the latter case, the water auditor may use a default value to estimate this quantity, or implement procedures for the reliable quantification of these uses. This starts with documenting usage events as they occur and estimating the amount of water used in each event. (See Unbilled unmetered consumption) This is the average length of customer service line, Lp, that is owned and maintained by the customer; from the point of ownership transfer to the customer water View meter, or building line (if unmetered). The quantity is one of the data inputs for the calculation of Unavoidable Annual Real Losses (UARL), which serves as the denominator of the performance indicator: Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI). The value of Lp is multiplied by the number of customer service connections to Service obtain a total length of customer owned piping in the system. The purpose of this parameter is to account for the unmetered service line infrastructure that is the Connection responsibility of the customer for arranging repairs of leaks that occur on their lines. In many cases leak repairs arranged by customers take longer to be Diagram executed than leak repairs arranged by the water utility on utility -maintained piping. Leaks run longer - and lose more water - on customer -owned service piping, than utility owned piping. Average length of If the customer water meter exists near the ownership transfer point (usually the curb stop located between the water main and the customer premises) this customer customer service distance is zero because the meter and transfer point are the same. This is the often encountered configuration of customer water meters located in an line underground meter box or "pit" outside of the customer's building. The Free Water Audit Software asks a "Yes/No" question about the meter at this location. If the auditor selects "Yes" then this distance is set to zero and the data grading score for this component is set to 10. If water meters are typically located inside the customer premise/building, or properties are unmetered, it is up to the water auditor to estimate a system -wide average Lp length based upon the various customer land parcel sizes and building locations in the service area. Lp will be a shorter length in areas of high ®density housing, and a longer length in areas of low density housing and varied commercial and industrial buildings. General parcel demographics should be " employed to obtain a composite average Lp length for the entire system. Refer to the "Service Connection Diagram" worksheet for a depiction of the service line/metering configurations that typically exist in water utilities. This worksheet gives guidance on the determination of the Average Length, Lp, for each configuration. This is the average pressure in the distribution system that is the subject of the water audit. Many water utilities have a calibrated hydraulic model of their water Average operating distribution system. For these utilities, the hydraulic model can be utilized to obtain a very accurate quantity of average pressure. In the absence of a hydraulic pressure model, the average pressure may be approximated by obtaining readings of static water pressure from a representative sample of fire hydrants or other system access points evenly located across the system. A weighted average of the pressure can be assembled; but be sure to take into account the elevation of the fire which typically exist several feet higher than the level of buried water pipelines. If the water utility is compiling the water audit for the first time, the ®hydrants, " average pressure can be approximated, but with a low data grading. In subsequent years of auditing, effort should be made to improve the accuracy of the average pressure quantity. This will then qualify the value for a higher data grading. Billed Authorized All consumption that is billed and authorized by the utility. This may include both metered and unmetered consumption. See "Authorized Consumption" for more Consumption information. Billed metered All metered consumption which is billed to retail customers, including all groups of customers such as domestic, commercial, industrial or institutional. It does consumption NOT include water supplied to neighboring utilities (water exported) which is metered and billed. Be sure to subtract any consumption for exported water sales that may be included in these billing roles. Water supplied as exports to neighboring water utilities should be included only In the Water Exported component. The metered consumption data can be taken directly from billing records for the water audit period. The accuracy of yearly metered consumption data can be refined by including an adjustment to account for customer meter reading lag time since not all customer meters are read on the same day of the meter reading period. However additional analysis is necessary to determine the lag time adjustment value, which may or may not be significant. All billed consumption which is calculated based on estimates or norms from water usage sites that have been determined by utility oolicv to be left unmetered. Billed unmetered This is typically a very small component in systems that maintain a policy to meter their customer population. However, this quantity can be the key consumption consumption component in utilities that have not adopted a universal metering policy. This component should NOT Include any water that is supplied to neighboring ®utilities " (water exported) which is unmetered but billed. Water supplied as exports to neighboring water utilities should be included only in the Water Exported component. AWWA Free Water Audit Software v5.0 Definitions 17 Item Name Description Apparent water losses caused by the collective under -registration of customer water meters. Many customer water meters gradually wear as large cumulative volumes of water are passed through them over time. This causes the meters to under -register the flow of water. This occurrence is common with smaller residential meters of sizes 5/8-inch and 3/4 inch after they have registered very large cumulative volumes of water, which generally occurs only after periods of years. For meters sized 1-inch and larger - typical of multi -unit residential, commercial and industrial accounts - meter under -registration can occur from wear or from the improper application of the meter; i.e. installing the wrong type of meter or the wrong size of meter, for the flow pattern (profile) of the consumer. For instance, many larger meters have reduced accuracy at low flows. If an oversized meter is installed, most of the time the routine flow will occur in the low flow range of the meter, and a significant portion of it may not be registered. It is important to properly select and install all meters, but particularly large customer Customer meters, size 1-inch and larger. metering inaccuracies The auditor has two options for entering data for this component of the audit. The auditor can enter a percentage under -registration (typically an estimated value), this will apply the selected percentage to the two categories of metered consumption to determine the volume of water not recorded due to customer meter inaccuracy. Note that this percentage is a composite average inaccuracy for all customer meters in the entire meter population. The percentage will be multiplied by the sum of the volumes in the Billed Metered and Unbilled Metered components. Alternatively, if the auditor has substantial data from meter testing activities, he or she can calculate their own loss volumes, and this volume may be entered directly. Note that a value of zero will be accepted but an alert will appear asking if the customer population is unmetered. Since all metered systems have some degree of inaccuracy, a positive value should be entered. A value of zero in this component is valid only if the water utility does not meter its customer population. The Customer Retail Unit Cost represents the charge that customers pay for water service. This unit cost is applied routinely to the components of Apparent Loss, since these losses represent water reaching customers but not (fully) paid for. Since most water utilities have a rate structure that includes a variety of different costs based upon class of customer, a weighted average of individual costs and number of customer accounts in each class can be calculated to determine a single composite cost that should be entered into this cell. Finally, the weighted average cost should also include additional charges for sewer, storm water or biosolids processing, but only if these charges are based upon the volume of potable water consumed. Customer retail unit cost For water utilities in regions with limited water resources and a questionable ability to meet the drinking water demands in the future, the Customer Retail Unit Cost might also be applied to value the Real Losses; instead of applying the Variable Production Cost to Real Losses. In this way, it is assumed that every unit volume of leakage reduced by leakage management activities will be sold to a customer. Note: the Free Water Audit Software allows the user to select the units that are charged to customers (either $/1,000 gallons, $/hundred cubic feet, or $/1,000 litres) and automatically converts these units to the units that appear in the "WATER SUPPLIED" box. The monetary units are United States dollars, $. Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) The ratio of the Current Annual Real Losses (Real Losses) to the Unavoidable Annual Real Losses (UARL). The ILI is a highly effective performance indicator for comparing (benchmarking) the performance of utilities in operational management of real losses. Length of all pipelines (except service connections) in the system starting from the point of system input metering (for example at the outlet of the treatment plant). It is also recommended to include in this measure the total length of fire hydrant lead pipe. Hydrant lead pipe is the pipe branching from the water main to the fire hydrant. Fire hydrant leads are typically of a sufficiently large size that is more representative of a pipeline than a service connection. The average length of hydrant leads across the entire system can be assumed if not known, and multiplied by the number of fire hydrants in the system, which can also be assumed Length of mains if not known. This value can then be added to the total pipeline length. Total length of mains can therefore be calculated as: Length of Mains, miles = (total pipeline length, miles) + [ {(average fire hydrant lead length, ft) x (number of fire hydrants)) / 5,280 ft/mile ] or Length of Mains, kilometres = (total pipeline length, kilometres) + [ {(average fire hydrant lead length, metres) x (number of fire hydrants)) / 1,000 metres/kilometre ] NON -REVENUE WATER = Apparent Losses + Real Losses + Unbilled Metered Consumption + Unbilled Unmetered Consumption. This is water which does not provide revenue potential to the utility. Number of active AND inactive Number of customer service connections, extending from the water main to supply water to a customer. Please note that this includes the actual number of distinct piping connections, including fire connections, whether active or inactive. This may differ substantially from the number of customers (or number of service connections accounts). Note: this number does not include the pipeline leads to fire hydrants - the total length of piping supplying fire hyrants should be included In the "Length of mains" parameter. Real Losses Physical water losses from the pressurized system (water mains and customer service connections) and the utility's storage tanks, up to the point of customer consumption. In metered systems this is the customer meter, in unmetered situations this is the first point of consumption (stop tap/tap) within the property. The annual volume lost through all types of leaks, breaks and overflows depends on frequencies, flow rates, and average duration of individual leaks, breaks and overflows. Revenue Water Those components of System Input Volume that are billed and have the potential to produce revenue. Service Connection Density =number of customer service connections / length of mains � AWWA Free Water Audit Software v5.0 Definitions 18 Item Name Description Apparent losses caused by accounting omissions, errant computer programming, gaps in policy, procedure, and permitting/activation of new accounts; and any type of data lapse that results in under -stated customer water consumption in summary billing reports. Systematic Data Handling Errors result in a direct loss of revenue potential. Water utilities can find 'lost" revenue by keying on this component. Utilities typically measure water consumption registered by water meters at customer premises. The meter should be read routinely (ex: monthly) and the data transferred to the Customer Billing System, which generates and sends a bill to the customer. Data Transfer Errors result in the consumption value being less than the actual consumption, creating an apparent loss. Such error might occur from illegible and mis-recorded hand-written readings compiled by meter readers, inputting an incorrect meter register unit conversion factor in the automatic meter reading equipment, or a variety of similar errors. Apparent losses also occur from Data Analysis Errors in the archival and data reporting processes of the Customer Billing System. Inaccurate estimates used for accounts that fail to produce a meter reading are a common source of error. Billing adjustments may award customers a rightful monetary credit, but do so by Systematic data creating a negative value of consumption, thus under -stating the actual consumption. Account activation lapses may allow new buildings to use water for months handling errors without meter readings and billing. Poor permitting and construction inspection practices can result in a new building lacking a billing account, a water meter and meter reading; i.e., the customer is unknown to the utility's billing system. Close auditing of the permitting, metering, meter reading, billing and reporting processes of the water consumption data trail can uncover data management gaps that create volumes of systematic data handling error. Utilities should routinely analyze customer billing records to detect data anomalies and quantity these losses. For example, a billing account that registers zero consumption for two or more billing cycles should be checked to explain why usage has seemingly halted. Given the revenue loss impacts of these losses, water utilities are well -justified in providing continuous oversight and timely correction of data transfer errors & data handling errors. If the water auditor has not yet gathered detailed data or assessment of systematic data handling error, it is recommended that the auditor apply the default value of 0.25% of the the Billed Authorized Consumption volume. However, if the auditor has investigated the billing system and its controls, and has well validated data that indicates the volume from systematic data handling error is substantially higher or lower than that generated by the default value, then the auditor should enter a quantity that was derived from the utility investigations and select an appropriate grading. Note: negative values are not allowed for this audit component. If the auditor enters zero for this component then a grading of 1 will be automatically assigned. Total annual cost of operating the These costs include those for operations, maintenance and any annually incurred costs for long-term upkeep of the drinking water supply and distribution system. water system It should include the costs of day-to-day upkeep and long-term financing such as repayment of capital bonds for infrastructure expansion or improvement. Typical costs include employee salaries and benefits, materials, equipment, insurance, fees, administrative costs and all other costs that exist to sustain the drinking water supply. Depending upon water utility accounting procedures or regulatory agency requirements, it may be appropriate to include depreciation in the total of this cost. This cost should not include any costs to operate wastewater, biosolids or other systems outside of drinking water. Includes water illegally withdrawn from fire hydrants, illegal connections, bypasses to customer consumption meters, or tampering with metering or meter reading equipment; as well as any other ways to receive water while thwarting the water utility's ability to collect revenue for the water. Unauthorized consumption results in uncaptured revenue and creates an error that understates customer consumption. In most water utilities this volume is low and, if the water auditor has not yet gathered detailed data for these loss occurrences, it is recommended that the auditor apply a default value of 0.25% of the volume of water supplied. However, if Unauthorized the auditor has investigated unauthorized occurrences, and has well validated data that indicates the volume from unauthorized consumption is substantially consumption higher or lower than that generated by the default value, then the auditor should enter a quantity that was derived from the utility investigations. Note that a value of zero will not be accepted since all water utilities have some volume of unauthorized consumption occurring in their system. Note: if the auditor selects the default value for unauthorized consumption, a data grading of 5 is automatically assigned, but not displayed on the Reporting Worksheet. UARL (gallons)=(5.41 Lm + 0.15Nc + 7.5Lc) xP, or UARL (litres)=(18.0Lm + 0.8Nc + 25.01-c) xP where: Lm = length of mains (miles or kilometres) Nc = number of customer service connections Lp = the average distance of customer service connection piping (feet or metres) (see the Worksheet "Service Connection Diagram" for guidance on deterring the value of Lp) Lc = total length of customer service connection piping (miles or km) Lc = Nc X Lp (miles or kilometres) Unavoidable P = Pressure (psi or metres) Annual Real Losses (UARL) The UARL is a theoretical reference value representing the technical low limit of leakage that could be achieved if all of today's best technology could be successfully applied. It is a key variable in the calculation of the Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI). Striving to reduce system leakage to a level close to the UARL is usually not needed unless the water supply is unusually expensive, scarce or both. ® NOTE: The UARL calculation has not yet been proven as fully valid for very small, or low pressure water distribution systems. If, in gallons: (Lm x 32) + Nc < 3000 or P <35psi in litres: (Lm x 20) + Nc < 3000 or P < 25m then the calculated UARL value may not be valid. The software does not display a value of UARL or ILI if either of these conditions is true. All consumption that is unbilled, but still authorized by the utility. This includes Unbilled Metered Consumption + Unbilled Unmetered Consumption. See Unbilled "Authorized Consumption" for more information. For Unbilled Unmetered Consumption, the Free Water Audit Software provides the auditor the option to select a Authorized default value if they have not audited unmetered activities in detail. The default calculates a volume that is 1.25% of the Water Supplied volume. lithe auditor Consumption has carefully audited the various unbilled, unmetered, authorized uses of water, and has established reliable estimates of this collective volume, then he or she may enter the volume directly for this component, and not use the default value. AWWA Free Water Audit Software v5.0 Definitions 19 Item Name Description Unbilled metered consumption Metered consumption which is authorized by the water utility, but, for any reason, is deemed by utility policy to be unbilled. This might for example include water consumed by the utility itself in treatment or distribution operations, or metered water provided to civic institutions free of charge. It does not ®metered Include water supplied to neighboring utilities (water exported) which may be metered but not billed. Any kind of Authorized Consumption which is neither billed or metered. This component typically includes water used in activities such as fire fighting, flushing of water mains and sewers, street cleaning, fire flow tests conducted by the water utility, etc. In most water utilities it is a small component which is very often substantially overestimated. It does NOT include water supplied to neighboring utilities (water exported) which is unmetered and unbilled — an unlikely case. This component has many sub -components of water use which are often tedious to identify and quantity. Because of this, and the fact that it is usually a Unbilled small portion of the water supplied, it is recommended that the auditor apply the default value, which is 1.25% of the Water Supplied volume. Select the default unmetered percentage to enter this value. consumption If the water utility has carefully audited the unbilled, unmetered activities occurring in the system, and has well validated data that gives a value substantially higher or lower than the default volume, then the auditor should enter their own volume. However the default approach is recommended for most water utilities. Note that a value of zero is not permitted, since all water utilities have some volume of water in this component occurring in their system. The user may develop an audit based on one of three unit selections: 1) Million Gallons (US) 2) Megalitres (Thousand Cubic Metres) 3) Acre-feet Units and Once this selection has been made in the instructions sheet, all calculations are made on the basis of the chosen units. Should the user wish to make additional Conversions conversions, a unit converter is provided below (use drop down menus to select units from the yellow unit boxes): Enter Units: Convert From... Converts to..... 1 Million Gallons (US) = 3.06888329 Acre-feet (conversion factor = 3.06888328973723) To use the default percent value choose this button To enter a value choose this button and enter the value in the cell to the right Pcnt 'y ► Value: ........................................... 1.25% O O 1 A ................ Use of Option Buttons NOTE: For Unbilled Unmetered Consumption, Unauthorized Consumption and Systematic Data Handling Errors, a recommended default value can be applied by selecting the Percent option. The default values are based on fixed percentages of Water Supplied or Billed Authorized Consumption and are recommended for use in this audit unless the auditor has well validated data for their system. Default values are shown by purple cells, as shown in the example above. If a default value is selected, the user does not need to grade the item; a grading value of 5 is automatically applied (however, this grade will not be displayed). The cost to produce and supply the next unit of water (e.g., $/million gallons). This cost is determined by calculating the summed unit costs for ground and surface water treatment and all power used for pumping from the source to the customer. It may also include other miscellaneous unit costs that apply to the production of drinking water. It should also include the unit cost of bulk water purchased as an import if applicable. Variable production cost It is common to apply this unit cost to the volume of Real Losses. However, if water resources are strained and the ability to meet future drinking water demands (applied to Real is in question, then the water auditor can be justified in applying the Customer Retail Rate to the Real Loss volume, rather than applying the Variable Production Losses) Cost. The Free Water Audit Software applies the Variable Production costs to Real Losses by default. However, the auditor has the option on the Reporting Worksheet Po select the Customer Retail Cost as the basis for the Real Loss cost evaluation if the auditor determines that this is warranted. The volume of water withdrawn (abstracted) from water resources (rivers, lakes, streams, wells, etc) controlled by the water utility, and then treated for potable water distribution. Most water audits are compiled for utility retail water distribution systems, so this volume should reflect the amount of treated drinking water Volume from own that entered the distribution system. Often the volume of water measured at the effluent of the treatment works is slightly less than the volume measured at the raw water source, since some of the water is used in the treatment process. Thus, it is useful if flows are metered at the effluent of the treatment works. If sources metering exists only at the raw water source, an adjustment for water used in the treatment process should be included to account for water consumed in treatment operations such as filter backwashing, basin flushing and cleaning, etc. If the audit is conducted for a wholesale water agency that sells untreated water, then this quantity reflects the measure of the raw water, typically metered at the source. An estimate or measure of the degree of inaccuracy that exists in the master (production) meters measuring the annual Volume from own Sources, and any error Volume from own in the data trail that exists to collect, store and report the summary production data. This adjustment is a weighted average number that represents the collective sources: Master error for all master meters for all days of the audit year and any errors identified in the data trail. Meter error can occur in different ways. A meter or meters may meter and supply be inaccurate by under -registering flow (did not capture all the flow), or by over -registering flow (overstated the actual flow). Data error can occur due to data error adjustment gaps caused by temporary outages of the meter or related instrumentation. All water utilities encounter some degree of inaccuracy in master meters and data errors in archival systems are common; thus a value of zero should not be entered. Enter a negative percentage or value for metered data under -registration; or, enter a positive percentage or value for metered data over -registration. AWWA Free Water Audit Software v5.0 Definitions 20 Item Name Description The Water Exported volume is the bulk water conveyed and sold by the water utility to neighboring water systems that exists outside of their service area. Typically this water is metered at the custody transfer point of interconnection between the two water utilities. Usually the meter(s) are owned by the water utility that is selling the water: i.e. the exporter. If the water utility who is compiling the annual water audit sells bulk water in this manner, they are an exporter of water. Water exported Note: The Water Exported volume is sold to wholesale customers who are typically charged a wholesale rate that is different than retail rates charged to the retail customers existing within the service area. Many state regulatory agencies require that the Water Exported volume be reported to them as a quantity separate ®and distinct from the retail customer billed consumption. For these reasons - and others - the Water Exported volume is always quantified separately from Billed ' Authorized Consumption in the standard water audit. Be certain not to 'double -count' this quantity by Including it in both the Water Exported box and the Billed Metered Consumption box of the water audit Reporting Worksheet. This volume should be Included only in the Water Exported box. An estimate or measure of the volume in which the Water Exported volume is incorrect. This adjustment is a weighted average that represents the collective error for all of the metered and archived exported flow for all days of the audit year. Meter error can occur in different ways. A meter may be inaccurate by under - Water exported• registering flow (did not capture all the flow), or by over -registering flow (overstated the actual flow). Error in the metered, archived data can also occur due to Master meter and data gaps caused by temporary outages of the meter or related instrumentation. All water utilities encounter some degree of error in their metered data, supply error particularly if meters are aged and infrequently tested. Occasional errors also occur in the archived data. Thus, a value of zero should not be entered. Enter a adjustment negative percentage or value for metered data under -registration; or enter a positive percentage or value for metered data over -registration. If regular meter testing is conducted on the meter(s) - which is usually conducted by the water utility selling the water - then the results of this testing can be used to ®accuracy help quantify the meter error adjustment. Corrections to data gaps or other errors found in the archived data should also be included as a portion of this meter error adjustment. The Water Imported volume is the bulk water purchased to become part of the Water Supplied volume. Typically this is water purchased from a neighboring Water Imported water utility or regional water authority, and is metered at the custody transfer point of interconnection between the two water utilities. Usually the meter(s) are owned by the water supplier selling the water to the utility conducting the water audit. The water supplier selling the bulk water usually charges the receiving utility based upon a wholesale water rate. An estimate or measure of the volume in which the Water Imported volume is incorrect. This adjustment is a weighted average that represents the collective Water imported: error for all of the metered and archived imported flow for all days of the audit year. Meter error can occur in different ways. A meter may be inaccurate by under - Master meter and registering flow (did not capture all the flow), or byover-registering flow -(overstated the actual flow). Error in the metered, archived data can also occur due to supply error data gaps caused by temporary outages of the meter or related instrumentation. All water utilities encounter some level of meter inaccuracy, particularly if meters adjustment are aged and infrequently tested. Occasional errors also occur in the archived metered data. Thus, a value of zero should not be entered. Enter a negative percentage or value for metered data under -registration; or, enter a positive percentage or value for metered data over -registration. If regular meter accuracy testing is conducted on the meter(s) - which is usually conducted by the water utility selling the water - then the results of this testing can be used to help quantify the meter error adjustment. = apparent losses + real losses WATER LOSSES Water Losses are the difference between Water Supplied and Authorized Consumption. Water losses can be considered as a total volume for the whole system, or for partial systems such as transmission systems, pressure zones or district metered areas (DMA); if one of these configurations are the basis of the water audit. 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